Linux Networking

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This chapter provides an overview of the basics of network services in Red Hat Enterprise Linux.
1.1 Comparing IP with non-IP networks
A network is a system of interconnected devices that can connect shared information and resources such as files, printers, applications, and the Internet. Each of these devices has a unique Internet Protocol (IP) address for sending and receiving messages between two or more devices called a protocol using a set of rules.
Network Connection Category
IP network
Networks that communicate via Internet Protocol addresses. The IP network operates on the Internet and most internal networks. Ethernet, cable modems, DSL modems, dial-up modems, wireless networks, and VPN connectivity are common examples.
Non-IP networks
Networks are used to communicate through the bottom layer instead of the transmission layer. Note that these networks are rarely used. InfiniBand is a non-IP network, which is described in Chapter 13, the configuration of InfiniBand and RDMA networks.

1.2. COMPARING STATIC TO DYNAMIC IP ADDRESSING

Fixed IP address
When a fixed IP address is assigned to the device, the address does not change over time unless manually changed. If you wish, it is recommended to use a fixed IP address:
To ensure network address compatibility for servers such as DNS and authentication servers.
Using off-band management tools that operate independently of other network infrastructure.
All of the configuration tools listed in Section 3.1, “Selecting Network Configuration Methods”, allow you to manually assign static IP addresses. The nmcli tool is also suitable, as described in Section 3.3.8, "Adding and Configuring a Static Ethernet Connection to nmcli".
For more information on configuration and automation, see the OpenLMI section of the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 System Manager Guide. The Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Installation Guide documentes the use of a kickstart file that can also be used to automate network settings.
Dynamic IP address
When a dynamic IP address is assigned to the device, the address changes over time. For this reason, it is recommended for devices that are sometimes connected to the network, as the IP address may change after the device is restarted.
Dynamic IP addresses are very flexible, easy to organize and manage. Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP) is the traditional way of assigning a host to a dynamic network configuration. Section 14.1, "Why Use DHCP?" For more information. You can also use the nmcli tool, which is described in Section 3.3.7, "Adding and Configuring Dynamic Ethernet Connections to nmcli".

PART I. BEFORE YOU BEGIN

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